Updated: 13-03-2023
Source: China Meteorological New Press
Disaster risk management, in the context of global climate change, has become an important subject of adaptation and mitigation of relevant negative impacts. In this regard, it is necessary to figure out the minimum risk of natural disasters, identify high-risk areas, evaluate the level of disaster risk, construct a more three-dimensional, multi-dimensional and impact-based understanding of meteorological disaster risk, and formulate a corresponding prevention and control technical support system.
In response, China launched its first national survey on natural disaster risk in 2020. Up to now, all tasks have been completed, and a number of application results with regional and industrial characteristics have been explored.
Such a survey requires high technical requirements, and has difficulty in coordinating. And there is no available experience and approaches to follow suit. To achieve such results within such a short period of time, three "pillars" are indispensable, namely, an efficient and collaborative organizational system, a unified scientific and technical system, and a results-oriented application system.
Take meteorological departments as an example.
In terms of the organizational system, meteorological departments at the national, provincial, municipal and county levels have all set up leading institutions for disaster risk survey, and established a horizontally and vertically coordinated organizational system for disaster risk survey, to ensure that all strengths are interconnected and coordinated.
As regards the technical system, meteorological departments have revised the technical specifications for 20 items of survey and assessment regionalization of 10 disaster types. They have developed a comprehensive meteorological disaster risk survey information collection system and risk assessment system applied at the national, provincial and county levels. In the meanwhile, a backbone survey team of more than 2,000 people are established and cultivated.
In the application of results, meteorological departments have adhered to the principle of "survey, application, while bearing fruit". Meteorological departments have harnessed the survey data, products and technological results.
Disaster prevention and mitigation
The Beijing Climate Center (BCC) has carried out real-time disaster monitoring and identification, impact assessment and risk projection, and played a favorable role in decision-making services when coping with severe weather and climate events such as Typhoon In-Fa, heat wave process in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2022, and so on.
Food security
Liaoning meteorological departments have constructed an agricultural meteorological disaster risk warning index system characterized by divided crops, divided time spans, and divided disaster types geared to corn, rice and peanut. Guizhou meteorological departments have optimized meteorological index insurance. Xinjiang meteorological departments have established frost disaster index of cotton seedling period, and the monitoring, forecasting and warning have extended to several cotton regions.
Fostering better business environment
Anhui meteorological departments have completed the regional climate feasibility study report of 95 industrial parks. Henan meteorological departments have provided guidance on disaster prevention and reduction for the planning, construction and operation of key projects and industrial parks.
Support for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games
Meteorological departments in Beijing and Hebei have carried out risk analysis of meteorological disasters in competition areas of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, and formed risk maps for events, providing reference for the organizing committee to arrange events and grasping window of opportunity of weather.
Editor: Liu Shuqiao